|
''Trigona spinipes'' is a species of stingless bee. It occurs in Brazil, where it is called ''arapuá'', ''irapuá'' or ''abelha-cachorro'' ("dog-bee"). The species name means "spiny feet" in Latin. ''Trigona spinipes'' builds its nest on trees (or on buildings and other human structures), out of mud, resin, wax, and assorted debris, including dung. Therefore, its honey is not fit for consumption, even though it is reputed to be of good quality by itself, and is used in folk medicine. Colonies may have from 5,000 to over 100,000 workers. ''T. spinipes'' will attack in swarms when they feel the nest is threatened. They cannot sting, and their bite is not very effective. Their main weapon against predatory animals, including human beings, is to entangle themselves in the victim's hair and buzz loudly. They will also aggressively penetrate human bodily openings such as nasal and auditory orifices when in attack mode. ''T. spinipes'' uses odor trails, sometimes extending several hundred metres, in order to lead nestmates from the hive to a food source. Moreover, it can "eavesdrop" on chemical signals used by other bee species (such as carpenter bees, Africanized honeybees and other stingless bees) for the same purpose, killing them or driving them away to take over their food source.〔 〕 The bee has been considered an agricultural pest for some crops, such as passion fruit, because it damages leaves and flowers while collecting nest materials, and tunnels through the unopened flowers to collect the nectar (thus frustrating their normal pollinators).〔 〕 On the other hand, they are significant pollinators on their own, e.g. for onions.〔 〕 == Taxonomy and Phylogeny == ''Trigona spinipes'' was first discovered by the noted etymologyst Johan Christian Fabricius and was called ''Trigona ruficrus Latriella'', however, upon re-examination of a museum specimen, Jesus S. Moure determined that ''Trigona spinipes'' is the correct name.〔 ''Trigona spinipes'' is in the order Hymenoptera, which includes bees, wasps, ants, and sawflies. More specifically it is from the Apidae family of bees which contains well known bee genuses such as the common honeybee (''Apis'') and the bumblebee (''Bombus''). It is from the Meliponini tribe, which consists of all of the genuses of stingless bees. Its genus,''Trigona'', contains some of the most populous species among the stingless bees . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trigona spinipes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|